Award Data

Abstract One in five Americans has chronic pain. Many pharmacological pain interventions exist but increase risk of opioid use disorder (OUD). As a result, there is an urgent need for non-addictive pain treatments. One non- addictive pain treatments is neurofeedback, or electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback, which trains patients to regulate brain states linked to physiological relaxation. Neurof ...

Abstract In normal pregnancy, the cervix remains closed until term and then dilates under the influence of uterine contractions. In cases of cervical insufficiency (CI), the cervix dilates in the second trimester in the absence of uterine contractions, which leads to a preterm birth. Infants born prematurely are at risk of lifelong morbidities including chronic lung disease, feeding difficulties, ...

PROJECT SUMMARY In light of the opioid crises, minimizing postoperative pain and postoperative opioid requirements to reduce chronic opioid dependency among surgical patients have become major concerns for surgeons and anesthesiologists. Effective intraoperative nociception control can mitigate these concerns. Unfortunately, existing nociceptive monitoring tools use indicators that are inherently ...

There is significant interest in multi-functional materials enabling gamma-ray spectroscopy, neutron/gamma pulse shape discrimination (PSD), ultra-fast response, and time-of-flight (TOF) neutron detection. These materials would be used in a variety of mission scenarios for the localization and monitoring of special nuclear materials. Commercial inorganic scintillators offer some of these character ...

Military operators must identify and catalogue the equipment they find when inspecting laboratory facilities. This information is used to determine the lab’s capabilities, including the lab’s potential for building weapons of mass destruction. Currently, operators use computer vision algorithms to help them classify equipment in pictures of laboratory environments. Unfortunately, current image ...

Scintillator radiation detectors offer high sensitivity and relatively accurate radionuclide detection at a reasonable price. However, most of the available commercial scintillators have long decay times ranging from hundreds of nanoseconds to tens of microseconds. As a result, they have limited performance in high dose rate environments such as nuclear battlefields, robotic nuclear weapons test s ...

The event of nuclear explosion generates harsh radiation conditions, evaluation of which is critical in order to protect the military and civilian personnel from serious harm. Due to these harsh conditions only very simple methods of radiation assessment are employed, such as measurement of equivalent dose. Improvements to current instrumentation are sought that would provide energy resolved dose ...

Project Summary / Abstract We request NIH support to develop heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) as treatments for oral aphthous ulcer disease: Chronic recurrent oral aphthous ulcers are the most common type of inflammatory condition of the oral mucosa with a prevalence of 2% to 10% in Caucasian populations. They can be a manifestation of trauma or a systemic inflam ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Never in the history of the United States has the unmet medical need to develop novel, non-opioid therapeutics for chronic pain been more urgent than it is today. More than 65 million US adults suffer from chronic pain, resulting in almost $635 billion in annual healthcare costs. Despite their limited efficacy, and potential for addiction, tolerance, and impaired motor performance, ...

PROJECT SUMMARYAn estimated 1 million cases of breast cancer (BC) are diagnosed annually worldwide. Of these, approximately 170,000 are triple-negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-) breast cancer (TNBC). TNBCs have an aggressive clinical course, worse prognosis, shorter disease-free interval, and worse overall survival compared to receptor positive breast cancers. Owing to the lack of target receptors, chemothe ...