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Ice crystals can form spontaneously from the freezing of water droplets at temperatures colder than -38

A measurement system for measuring the icing characteristics of mixed phased clouds from helicopters is being proposed. The Advanced Sensors for Helicopter Icing Research (ASHIR) is a hybrid system that integrates optical and thermal sensors with sophisticated signal processing algorithms in a configuration suitable for mounting on the aircraft fuselage and light enough to be boom mounted. Regardl ...

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On-orbit assets are essential for current and future mission success; however there are numerous types of attack that threaten their safety. To protect these assets and ensure their continued operation, these threats must be detected as quickly as possible so that appropriate responses can be taken. The objective of the proposed work is to develop a prototype event detection system that demonstr ...

This effort will provide automated GPS outage and degradation characterization (e.g., environment or man-made) tools based upon GPS satellite to site Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) data, Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) scintillation cloud predictions, and Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) event tracks. Then detect and track relationships of t ...

Data Fusion Corporation (DFC) proposes the development of prototype, next-generation GPS interference detection, geolocation, and mitigation modules that can be incorporated into the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Software Defined Radio (SDR) or a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) SDR.

Access to space for Small Satellites is enabled by the use of excess launch capacity on existing launch vehicles. A range of sizes, form factors and masses of small sats need to be accommodated. An integration process that minimizes programmatic/technical risk to the primary, allows "late flow" integration and predictable cost/schedule for the secondary enables regular and cost-effective access. ...

The United States has expended tremendous amounts of time and effort in maintaining the capability of our most critical space assets with a high degree of fidelity despite a wide range of possible occurrences. For the most part, however, the current threat model is largely natural. It has become increasingly important to improve our asset protection methodologies against malicious, intentional a ...

Commercially available micro-channel coolers for high power laser diodes utilize copper's high thermal conductivity and ability to be micro-machined. Unfortunately, these coolers suffer from flow erosion and corrosion by the cooling fluid. Copper's ability to conduct electrical charge furthers the corrosion process and requires the use of deionized water as the heat carrying fluid. These factors i ...

Considerable progress has been made in reducing emissions from stationary and highway sources. However, new emission standards require that new off-road (non-road) diesel engines achieve emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other species comparable to those from on-road sources. Additionally, biofuel (e.g., biodiesel) powered vehicles offer the potential for increased NOx emissions. There are cu ...