Award Data

Although thermal and cold neutron scattering is widely used and is critical for success in many areas of materials science and engineering, relatively low neutron fluxes severely limit applications of not only laboratory neutrons generators, but also large national neutron facilities State-of-the-art thermal and cold neutron sources are large expensive national facilities, which serve diverse comm ...

Performing accurate simulations of large- and multi-scale electromagnetics problems has far-reaching implications The same physics governs applications as diverse as rare earth content reduction in DC motor design; wireless propagation in dense urban environments and novel antenna design, both key issues in the pending 5G communications boom; electromagnetic sounding for subsurface exo-terrestrial ...

There is a significant need for lower cost and reliable sensors to continuously monitor indoor and outdoor environmental quality. Such monitoring is critical for evaluating the state and integrity of natural and man-made systems, including groundwater, atmosphere, vadose zone/soil composition, and a variety of emission sources including volcanoes, industrial sites, landfills, oil/gas production. E ...

Controlled thermonuclear fusion promises to radically transform our society, providing nearly limitless renewal energy. Cost-competitive fusion requires plasma facing components (PFC) which can sustain extreme photon and energetic particle fluxes over a lifetime of years, as these components will dictate the maintenance and overhaul periods of future reactors. Robust, scalable PFCs manufacturing m ...

In order to ensure the reliability and optimum performance of distributed, land-based, and offshore wind turbine assets over at least two to three decade lifetimes, DOE seeks technology innovations to address wind turbine challenges such as analysis of data from Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems for prognostic health management or intelligent assessment of environmental sens ...

Fiber optic-based sensing devices and systems allow for electromagnetic interference-immune interrogation of temperature and strain distribution within the cryomodule coil winding pack of superconducting magnets. A specific use of fiber sensors is for rapid and redundant quench detection. Novel fiber-optic sensors may also be used for precision measurement of distributed and local temperature and/ ...

High quality color centers have been demonstrated at the laboratory level to support a number of exciting quantum technology applications in quantum information and optics, navigation and geoscience probes, and nano-sensing in condensed-matter physics, yet a manufacturable process for creating such color centers has yet to be developed. In the crystalline diamond material system, nitrogen vacancy ...

Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) accelerators at modern scientific facilities require operation in the continuous wave regime at accelerating gradients of up to 20 MV/m. This can be achieved with SRF resonators with quality factors as high as 1e11. Such high-Q cavities require a new generation of instruments for precise measurement of their RF properties, especially in the over-coupled regime ...

High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials have excellent mechanical and electrical properties. They are very attractive for various industrial applications such as power cables and high field, high current superconducting magnets. Magnets made with these materials could play a key role in the commercialization of fusion energy machines. However, HTS materials have very slow normal zone prop ...

C56-10b-272692It is a broad goal of our country to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fifty percent by 2030 and achieve net zero by 2050. The built environment plays a critical role in addressing this goal as our building sector accounts for thirty-six percent of national carbon dioxide emissions. Buildings also act as a reservoir of carbon dioxide where it concentrates and results in increased en ...