Award Data

This research intends to develop a Nanoliter Tear Osmometer for the detection of the presence and degree of dry eye. It is estimated that 40-60 million Americans have dry eye symptoms. Prescription pharmaceuticals are appearing on the market to treat dry eye yet methods for diagnosis and monitoring treatment remain problematic. This Phase I research will make use of a new technology for analyzing ...

Effective methods of preserving cells and tissues are essential for the established and emerging companies using cryopreservation as part of their production processes. Conventional freezing and thawing devices have low heat transfer efficiencies that cause non-uniform thermal processing in biological materials resulting in products with low and inconsistent cell viability. The development of an a ...

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The burden of chronic disease in the United States is formidable, with 70% of all deaths attributable to some form of chronic illness. As the majority of chronic diseases arise from, and vary in severity with, modifiable behaviors, self-care has enormous potential to ameliorate their course; however, adherence to self-care plans is often poor. Advances in technology can empower patients in novel w ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is becoming widely recognized as a disease with high prevalence and co-morbidity. Making psychosocial and pharmacological treatments more available is a high priority for future studies and clinical trials. In order to ensure that these treatments are evaluated both for safety and for efficacy, a robust, valid, and practica ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As the use of combined research modalities (EEC, fMRI and various behavioral assays) has become increasingly common in cognitive neuroscience studies, researchers have had to struggle with the lack of a single solution for interfacing these systems with their experimental control software. This presents a barrier to the efficient progress of much NIH-funded beh ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to develop a novel inhibitor of methane formation in ruminant animals. Currently, monensin, a relatively nonspecific antibiotic, is widely used in the livestock industry. Monensin increases agricultural productivity by decreasing methane and increasing propionate production; however, it also inhibits acetogenesis, which is a benefic ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal exploits a new strategy for catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation based on metal-directed multicomponent self-assembly of chiral ligands. The combinatorial strategy uses self-assembly in the ligand scaffold-generating step to produce libraries of new chiral bidentate ligands, specifically, chiral self-assembled ligands (SALs). This Phase I applicati ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the course of previous basic studies in our laboratory, we have developed statistically significant and robust Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) methodologies, which incorporate rigorous validation procedures and lead to models with a high predictive power and practical utility. The methodologies are built upon the similarity principle, i. ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Transplantation of insulin-producing cells in many diabetes patients potentially would restore normal glucose homeostasis and prevent the severe long-term complications of the disease. However, the scarcity of donated pancreata currently limits transplantation of the whole organ or of isolated pancreatic islets to a tiny fraction of those patients who might ben ...