Award Data

65036 The production of ultra low sulfur gasoline and diesel at a sustainable cost, and available in quantities that will meet the demands of U.S. drivers, is potentially the single most significant and costly challenge faced by the refining industry. While commercially available hydrotreating technology is available to reduce sulfur in fuels, the cost to meet federal standards has been esti ...

65036 The production of ultra low sulfur gasoline and diesel at a sustainable cost, and available in quantities that will meet the demands of U.S. drivers, is potentially the single most significant and costly challenge faced by the refining industry. While commercially available hydrotreating technology is available to reduce sulfur in fuels, the cost to meet federal standards has been esti ...

70774 Variable speed central heat and air conditioning systems now on the market have the potential to save energy since they can match their operating speed more closely to the heating or cooling demand on a structure. However, current installation practices necessitate installing a duct system large enough to handle the (often infrequent) maximum air output of this equipment. At the m ...

70775 Variable and two speed central heat and air conditioning systems, now on the market, can save energy by matching their operating speed more closely to the heating or cooling demand on a structure. However, current installation practices necessitate installing a duct system large enough to handle the (often infrequent) maximum air output of this equipment. At the more typical lower ...

65049 Total solvent usage in the U.S. is 3.8 million tons per year, and due to toxicity and environmental needs, a large fraction needs to be replaced. Ethyl lactate and its blends with soy methyl ester have excellent solvating properties and, when price and other market penetration issues are considered, approximately 25% of the solvent usage can be addressed by these biosolvents. This proj ...

65049 Total solvent usage in the U.S. is 3.8 million tons per year, and due to toxicity and environmental needs, a large fraction needs to be replaced. Ethyl lactate and its blends with soy methyl ester have excellent solvating properties and, when price and other market penetration issues are considered, approximately 25% of the solvent usage can be addressed by these biosolvents. This proj ...

70659 A direct, in-situ, high resolution structural examination and analysis tool would benefit materials science research. However, tool development, especially nanomanipulation and in-situ characterization tools for a transmission electron microscope (TEM), is currently lacking in many respects. In particular, it is limited by having only one robotic arm. In addition, most existing t ...

Particle size distribution is one of the critical parameters in fabricating high-performance, fine-filament superconductors of Nb3Sn and Bi-2212 using the powder-in-tube (PIT) technique. Even a few large particles in the tubes of a multi-filament PIT billet will limit the size of the drawing or rolling to finish dimension. Since performance scales with the number of filaments in a strand, improv ...

65417 More efficient fusion energy systems will require low-activation-based advanced structural materials for the first wall reactor in order to sustain high radioactive doses and stresses at elevated temperatures. SiC-based fiber reinforced composites are attractive, but these composites can only be produced in limited sizes and shapes. Therefore, a suitable joining technology must be develo ...

65418 Increasing the operational temperatures of coal combustion plants will increase efficiency. The use of higher temperatures will in turn require the replacement of currently-used common alloy steels used as structural components. These components need to withstand temperatures above 700¿C and resist corrosion from flowing coal ash. Ferritic steels are corrosion resistant but lack high t ...