Time-Resolved, Reynolds-Average Navier Stokes (RANS) / Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Flow-Modeling Tools Suitable for Gas Turbine Engine Sand and Dust M

A computational fluid dynamic module for the simulation of small (1-10 µm) reactive solid and molten volcanic particles in gas turbine engines has been proposed. Volcanic ash experimental data is used as a basis for the material properties. A first principles based particle framework has been described that will account for the various physical phenomena in the system. A dual approach has been considered utilizing both Lagrangian and Eulerian methods. Lagrangian particles are more natural but become prohibitively expensive for fine particles (such as the sizes for this project). Eulerian particle transport is physically appropriate for fine particles but becomes inaccurate for large particle sizes. A dual approach using both Eulerian and Lagrangian methods allows for optimal computational cost at maximum accuracy. Methods of particle transport, agglomeration, and deposition have been described for both approaches. Relevant gas turbine engine simulations will be used for verification and validation of the module. The developed software and module will be provided to the Navy for improved design and development of ash and sand mitigation designs for gas turbine engines.