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Background A biomarker is a defined characteristic that is measured as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or responses to an exposure or intervention, including therapeutic interventions. Biomarker modalities are diverse, and can include ‘omics, imaging, behavioral, digital and physiologic endpoints, as well as composite biomarkers or biomarker signatures. Becaus ...

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The Artificial Intelligence topic focuses on innovations in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), which refers to intelligence exhibited by machines or software. AI is not a specific technology or technical method – it is instead a field of study aimed at achieving machine-based intelligence. These subtopic areas are meant to serve as examples; all proposals with technical innovation and si ...

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The Augmented and Virtual Reality topic aims to support the early-stage development of technological innovations in the hardware, software, photonics, displays, communication processes and other enabling technologies. Additionally, innovations that bring evidence-based academic discoveries to the public sphere via augmented and virtual reality technologies are also appropriate. Since augmented and ...

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A. Overview While there are thousands of rare diseases, the number of underlying etiologies is much smaller. Moreover, many disease etiologies underlie multiple traditional diseases. This is most readily seen for rare monogenic diseases, where the most common etiologies include premature termination codons, protein misfolding, and abnormal RNA splicing. Other examples of rare disease shared molec ...

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