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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and affects more than one million Americans, usually with onset in childhood or young adulthood. The disease markedly impairs quality of life and shortens lifespan primarily through premature mortality. T1D is associated with numerous complications including blindnes ...

The fundamental mission of NSF is to promote discoveries and to advance education across the frontiers of knowledge in science and engineering. Consistent with that mission, NSF encourages and supports a wide range of proposals from the research and education community and from the private small business sector. These proposals are reviewed under NSF's merit review criteria, which cover both t ...

The NCI is the Federal Government’s principal agency established to conduct and support cancer research, training, health information dissemination, and other related programs. As the effector of the National Cancer Program, the NCI supports a comprehensive approach to the problems of cancer through intensive investigation in the cause, diagnosis, prevention, early detection, treatment, ...

The short term goal of this SBIR contract topic is to support small businesses that are developing novel candidate therapeutic agents of interest. The scope of work may include structure activity relationships (SAR), medicinal chemistry and formulation, animal efficacy testing, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological studies, as well as production of GMP bulk drug and clinical ...

Recently, the demand for companion diagnostics has greatly increased with the recognition that matching the right patient to the right drug can improve patient care and may decrease health care costs. More than a dozen companion diagnostic tests have been approved by the FDA to guide the prescription of products in oncology, cardiovascular disease, and infectious disease. Among them, tests of Phil ...

Radiotherapy is employed in the treatment of over half of all cancer patients. Many of those patients however, may suffer some adverse effects from this therapy during and/or after treatment. In addition, in approximately half of the patients treated with curative intent, the tumors recur. Enhancing specific tumor killing and minimizing normal tissue damage from radiotherapy would improve tumor co ...

The design of novel therapies and drug delivery systems for cancer is being enabled by nanotechnology. Nanoscale devices carrying therapeutic payloads and delivered within close proximity of the tumor in vivo will play a significant role in increasing the effectiveness of the treatment while decreasing severity of side effects. Such techniques would be highly relevant, particularly for organs that ...

Biological fluids and tissue biopsies provide important information with respect to a diagnosis of cancer and to efficacy of its treatment. The collection of both (especially the biopsy) is invasive and can be achieved only in single time points with limited frequency. The analysis of biological fluids (blood, urine), which are easier to collect, do not provide for direct representation of the tum ...

Image processing algorithms are increasingly important as imaging and image-guided intervention technologies become critical in screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment and monitoring of cancer patients. The use of in vivo imaging modalities such as MRI, X-ray, CT, Positron Emission Tomography, Nuclear Medicine, Ultrasound, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Photo-acoustic imaging, as well as multi ...

Medical imaging plays a key role in clinical management of cancer patients. Cancer imaging agents are used in conjunction with medical imaging equipment, and, by highlighting the contrast between normal and malignant tissues, they allow the collection of information on cancer presence, spread, and metabolism. Recent scientific advances in nanotechnology, radiochemistry, reporter gene imaging, ca ...